Decontamination of neurological instruments is vital to ensuring patient welfare. The sterilization process which is a form of decontamination is discussed in detail and in this essay it has been divide into decontamination methods and sterilization methods.  While these methods include but are not limited to cleaning, fumigation, and sterilization; improper handling of these instruments can put the patient's life in a mess. Therefore how to handle these instruments and how the person handling them should handle themselves especially with Personal protective equipment is elaborated step by step in this essay.